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Neon CLI commands — branches

Use the Neon CLI to manage Neon directly from the terminal

Before you begin

  • Before running the branches command, ensure that you have installed the Neon CLI.
  • If you have not authenticated with the neon auth command, running a Neon CLI command automatically launches the Neon CLI browser authentication process. Alternatively, you can specify a Neon API key using the --api-key option when running a command. See Connect.

The branches command

The branches command allows you to list, create, rename, delete, and retrieve information about branches in your Neon project. It also permits setting a branch as the default branch, adding a compute to a branch, adding a read replica, or perforning a schema diff between different branches.

Usage

neon branches <subcommand> [options]
SubcommandDescription
listList branches
createCreate a branch
resetReset data to parent
restoreRestore a branch to a selected point in time
renameRename a branch
schema-diffCompare schemas
set-defaultSet a default branch
add-computeAdd replica to a branch
deleteDelete a branch
getGet a branch

list

This subcommand allows you to list branches in a Neon project.

Usage

neon branches list [options]

Options

In addition to the Neon CLI global options, the list subcommand supports these options:

OptionDescriptionTypeRequired
--context-fileContext file path and file namestring
--project-idProject IDstringOnly if your Neon account has more than one project

Examples

  • List branches with the default table output format. The information provided with this output format is limited compared to other formats, such as json.

    neon branches list --project-id solitary-leaf-288182
    ┌────────────────────────┬──────────┬──────────────────────┬──────────────────────┐
     Id Name Created At Updated At
    ├────────────────────────┼──────────┼──────────────────────┼──────────────────────┤
     br-small-meadow-878874 main 2023-07-06T13:15:12Z 2023-07-06T14:26:32Z
    ├────────────────────────┼──────────┼──────────────────────┼──────────────────────┤
     br-round-queen-335380 mybranch 2023-07-06T14:45:50Z 2023-07-06T14:45:50Z
    └────────────────────────┴──────────┴──────────────────────┴──────────────────────┘
  • List branches with the json output format. This format provides more information than the default table output format.

    neon branches list --project-id solitary-leaf-288182 --output json
    [
    {
        "id": "br-wild-boat-648259",
        "project_id": "solitary-leaf-288182",
        "name": "main",
        "current_state": "ready",
        "logical_size": 29515776,
        "creation_source": "console",
        "default": true,
        "cpu_used_sec": 78,
        "compute_time_seconds": 78,
        "active_time_seconds": 312,
        "written_data_bytes": 107816,
        "data_transfer_bytes": 0,
        "created_at": "2023-07-09T17:01:34Z",
        "updated_at": "2023-07-09T17:15:13Z"
    },
    {
        "id": "br-shy-cake-201321",
        "project_id": "solitary-leaf-288182",
        "parent_id": "br-wild-boat-648259",
        "parent_lsn": "0/1E88838",
        "name": "mybranch",
        "current_state": "ready",
        "creation_source": "console",
        "default": false,
        "cpu_used_sec": 0,
        "compute_time_seconds": 0,
        "active_time_seconds": 0,
        "written_data_bytes": 0,
        "data_transfer_bytes": 0,
        "created_at": "2023-07-09T17:37:10Z",
        "updated_at": "2023-07-09T17:37:10Z"
    }
    ]

create

This subcommand allows you to create a branch in a Neon project.

Usage

neon branches create [options]

Options

In addition to the Neon CLI global options, the create subcommand supports these options:

OptionDescriptionTypeRequired
--context-fileContext file path and file namestring
--project-idProject IDstringOnly if your Neon account has more than one project
--nameThe branch namestring
--parentParent branch name, id, timestamp, or LSN. Defaults to the default branchstring
--computeCreate a branch with or without a compute. By default, the branch is created with a read-write endpoint. The default value is true. To create a branch without a compute, use --no-computeboolean
--typeType of compute to add. Choices are read_write (the default) or read_only. A read-only compute is a read replica.string
--suspend-timeoutDuration of inactivity in seconds after which the compute is automatically suspended. The value 0 means use the global default. The value -1 means never suspend. The default value is 300 seconds (5 minutes). The maximum value is 604800 seconds (1 week).number
--cuThe number of Compute Units. Could be a fixed size (e.g. "2") or a range delimited by a dash (e.g. "0.5-3").string
--psqlConnect to a new branch via psql. psql must be installed to use this option.boolean

note

When creating a branch from a protected parent branch, role passwords on the child branch are changed. For more information about this Protected Branches feature, see New passwords generated for Postgres roles on child branches.

Examples

  • Create a branch:

    neon branches create
    ┌─────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────┬─────────┬──────────────────────┬──────────────────────┐
     Id Name Default Created At Updated At
    ├─────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┼─────────┼──────────────────────┼──────────────────────┤
     br-mute-sunset-67218628 br-mute-sunset-67218628 false 2023-08-03T20:07:27Z 2023-08-03T20:07:27Z
    └─────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────┴─────────┴──────────────────────┴──────────────────────┘
    endpoints
    ┌───────────────────────────┬──────────────────────┐
     Id Created At
    ├───────────────────────────┼──────────────────────┤
     ep-floral-violet-94096438 2023-08-03T20:07:27Z
    └───────────────────────────┴──────────────────────┘
    connection_uris
    ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
     Connection Uri
    ├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
     postgresql://[user]:[password]@[neon_hostname]/[dbname]
    └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

    note

    If the parent branch has more than one role or database, the branches create command does not output a connection URI. As an alternative, you can use the connection-string command to retrieve the connection URI for a branch. This command includes options for specifying the role and database. See Neon CLI commands — connection-string.

  • Create a branch with the --output format of the command set to json. This output format returns all of the branch response data, whereas the default table output format (shown in the preceding example) is limited in the information it can display.

    neon branches create --output json
    Example output
    {
    "branch": {
        "id": "br-frosty-art-30264288",
        "project_id": "polished-shape-60485499",
        "parent_id": "br-polished-fire-02083731",
        "parent_lsn": "0/1E887C8",
        "name": "br-frosty-art-30264288",
        "current_state": "init",
        "pending_state": "ready",
        "creation_source": "neonctl",
        "default": false,
        "cpu_used_sec": 0,
        "compute_time_seconds": 0,
        "active_time_seconds": 0,
        "written_data_bytes": 0,
        "data_transfer_bytes": 0,
        "created_at": "2023-08-03T20:12:24Z",
        "updated_at": "2023-08-03T20:12:24Z"
    },
    "endpoints": [
        {
        "host": "@ep-cool-darkness-123456.us-east-2.aws.neon.tech",
        "id": "@ep-cool-darkness-123456",
        "project_id": "polished-shape-60485499",
        "branch_id": "br-frosty-art-30264288",
        "autoscaling_limit_min_cu": 1,
        "autoscaling_limit_max_cu": 1,
        "region_id": "aws-us-east-2",
        "type": "read_write",
        "current_state": "init",
        "pending_state": "active",
        "settings": {},
        "pooler_enabled": false,
        "pooler_mode": "transaction",
        "disabled": false,
        "passwordless_access": true,
        "creation_source": "neonctl",
        "created_at": "2023-08-03T20:12:24Z",
        "updated_at": "2023-08-03T20:12:24Z",
        "proxy_host": "us-east-2.aws.neon.tech",
        "suspend_timeout_seconds": 0,
        "provisioner": "k8s-pod"
        }
    ],
    "connection_uris": [
        {
        "connection_uri": "postgresql://alex:AbC123dEf@@ep-cool-darkness-123456.us-east-2.aws.neon.tech/dbname",
        "connection_parameters": {
            "database": "dbname",
            "password": "AbC123dEf",
            "role": "alex",
            "host": "@ep-cool-darkness-123456.us-east-2.aws.neon.tech",
            "pooler_host": "@ep-cool-darkness-123456-pooler.us-east-2.aws.neon.tech"
        }
        }
    ]
    }
  • Create a branch with a user-defined name:

    neon branches create --name mybranch
  • Set the compute size when creating a branch:

    neon branches create --name mybranch --cu 2
  • Set the compute's autoscaling range when creating a branch:

    neon branches create --name mybranch --cu 0.5-3
  • Create a branch with a read replica compute.

    neon branches create --name my_read_replica_branch --type read_only
  • Create a branch from a parent branch other than your main branch

    neon branches create --name my_child_branch --parent mybranch
  • Create a point-in-time restore branch by specifying the --parent option with a timestamp:

    neon branches create --name data_recovery --parent 2023-07-11T10:00:00Z

    The timestamp must be provided in ISO 8601 format. You can use this timestamp converter. For more information about point-in-time restore, see Branching — Point-in-time restore (PITR).

  • Create a branch and connect to it with psql.

    neon branch create --psql
  • Create a branch, connect to it with psql, and run an .sql file.

    neon branch create --psql -- -f dump.sql
  • Create a branch, connect to it with psql, and run a query.

    neon branch create --psql -- -c "SELECT version()"

reset

This command resets a child branch to the latest data from its parent.

Usage

neon branches reset <id|name> --parent

<id|name> refers to the branch ID or branch name. You can use either one for this operation.

--parent specifies the type of reset operation. Currently, Neon only supports reset from parent. This parameter is required for the operation to work. In the future, Neon might add support for other reset types: for example, rewinding a branch to an earlier period in time.

Options

In addition to the Neon CLI global options, the reset subcommand supports these options:

OptionDescriptionTypeRequired
--context-fileContext file path and file namestring
--project-idProject IDstringOnly if your Neon account has more than one project or context is not set
--parentReset to a parent branchboolean
--preserve-under-nameThe name under which to preserve the old branchstring

Example

neon branches reset dev/alex --parent
┌──────────────────────┬──────────┬─────────┬──────────────────────┬──────────────────────┐
 Id Name Default Created At Last Reset At
├──────────────────────┼──────────┼─────────┼──────────────────────┼──────────────────────┤
 br-aged-sun-a5qowy01 dev/alex false 2024-05-07T09:31:59Z 2024-05-07T09:36:32Z
└──────────────────────┴──────────┴─────────┴──────────────────────┴──────────────────────┘

restore

This command restores a branch to a specified point in time in its own or another branch's history.

Usage

neon branches restore <target-id|name> <source>[@(timestamp|lsn)]

<target-id|name> specifies the ID or name of the branch that you want to restore.

<source> specifies the source branch you want to restore from. Options are:

  • ^self — restores the selected branch to an earlier point in its own history. You must select a timestamp or LSN for this option (restoring to head is not an option). You also need to include a name for the backup branch using the parameter preserve-under-name.
  • ^parent — restores the target branch to its parent. By default the target is restored the latest (head) of its parent. Append @timestamp or @lsn to restore to an earlier point in the parent's history.
  • source branch ID or source branch name — restores the target branch to the selected source branch. It restores the latest (head) by default. Append @timestamp or @lsn to restore to an earlier point in the source branch's history.

Options

In addition to the Neon CLI global options, the restore subcommand supports these options:

OptionDescriptionTypeRequired
--context-fileContext file path and file namestring
--project-idProject IDstringOnly if your Neon account has more than one project or context is not set
--preserve-under-nameName for the backup created during restore.stringWhen restoring to ^self

Examples

Examples of the different kinds of restore operations you can do:

Restoring a branch to an earlier point in its own history (with backup)

This command restores the branch main to an earlier timestamp, saving to a backup branch called main_restore_backup_2024-02-20

neon branches restore main ^self@2024-05-06T10:00:00.000Z --preserve-under-name main_restore_backup_2024-05-06

Results of the operation:

INFO: Restoring branch br-purple-dust-a5hok5mk to the branch br-purple-dust-a5hok5mk timestamp 2024-05-06T10:00:00.000Z
Restored branch
┌─────────────────────────┬──────┬──────────────────────┐
 Id Name Last Reset At
├─────────────────────────┼──────┼──────────────────────┤
 br-purple-dust-a5hok5mk main 2024-05-07T09:45:21Z
└─────────────────────────┴──────┴──────────────────────┘
Backup branch
┌─────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────────┐
 Id Name
├─────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
 br-flat-forest-a5z016gm main_restore_backup_2024-05-06
└─────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────────┘

Restoring a branch (target) to the head of another branch (source)

This command restores the target branch dev/alex to latest data (head) from the source branch main.

neon branches restore dev/alex main

Results of the operation:

INFO: Restoring branch br-restless-frost-69810125 to the branch br-curly-bar-82389180 head
Restored branch
┌────────────────────────────┬──────────┬──────────────────────┐
 Id Name Last Reset At
├────────────────────────────┼──────────┼──────────────────────┤
 br-restless-frost-69810125 dev/alex 2024-02-21T15:42:34Z
└────────────────────────────┴──────────┴──────────────────────┘

Restoring a branch to its parent at an earlier point in time

This command restores the branch dev/alex to a selected point in time from its parent branch.

neon branches restore dev/alex ^parent@2024-02-21T10:30:00.000Z

Results of the operation:

INFO: Restoring branch br-restless-frost-69810125 to the branch br-patient-union-a5s838zf timestamp 2024-02-21T10:30:00.000Z
Restored branch
┌────────────────────────────┬──────────┬──────────────────────┐
 Id Name Last Reset At
├────────────────────────────┼──────────┼──────────────────────┤
 br-restless-frost-69810125 dev/alex 2024-02-21T15:55:04Z
└────────────────────────────┴──────────┴──────────────────────┘

rename

This subcommand allows you to update a branch in a Neon project.

Usage

neon branches rename <id|name> <new-name> [options]

<id|name> refers to the Branch ID and branch name. You can specify one or the other.

Options

In addition to the Neon CLI global options, the rename subcommand supports these options:

OptionDescriptionTypeRequired
--context-fileContext file path and file namestring
--project-idProject IDstringOnly if your Neon account has more than one project

Example

neon branches rename mybranch teambranch
┌───────────────────────┬────────────┬──────────────────────┬──────────────────────┐
 Id Name Created At Updated At
├───────────────────────┼────────────┼──────────────────────┼──────────────────────┤
 br-rough-sound-590393 teambranch 2023-07-09T20:46:58Z 2023-07-09T21:02:27Z
└───────────────────────┴────────────┴──────────────────────┴──────────────────────┘

schema-diff

This command:

  • Compares the latest schemas of any two branches
  • Compares against a specific point in its own or another branch’s history

Usage

neon branches schema-diff [base-branch] [compare-source[@(timestamp|lsn)]]

[base-branch] specifies the branch you want to compare against. For example, if you want to compare a development branch against the production branch main, select main as your base.

This setting is optional. If you leave it out, the operation uses either of the following as the base:

  • The branch identified in the set-context file
  • If no context is configured, it uses your project's default branch

[compare-source] specifies the branch or state to compare against. Options are:

  • ^self — compares the selected branch to an earlier point in its own history. You must specify a timestamp or LSN.
  • ^parent — compares the selected branch to the head of its parent branch. You can append @timestamp or @lsn to compare to an earlier point in the parent's history.
  • <compare-branch-id|name> — compares the selected branch to the head of another specified branch. Append @timestamp or @lsn to compare to an earlier point in the specified branch's history.

Options

In addition to the Neon CLI global options, the schema-diff subcommand supports these options:

OptionDescriptionTypeRequired
--context-fileContext file path and file namestring
--project-idProject IDstringOnly if your Neon account has more than one project or context is not set
--database, --dbName of the database for which the schema comparison is performedstring

note

The --no-color or --color false global option can be used to decolorize the CLI command output when using CLI commands in CI/CD pipelines.

Examples

Examples of different kinds of schema diff operations you can do:

Compare to another branch's head

This command compares the schema of the main branch to the head of the branch dev/alex.

neon branches schema-diff main dev/alex

The output indicates that in the table public.playing_with_neon, a new column description character varying(255) has been added in the dev/alex branch that is not present in the main branch.

--- Database: neondb	(Branch: br-wandering-firefly-a50un462)
+++ Database: neondb	(Branch: br-fancy-sky-a5cydw8p)
@@ -26,9 +26,10 @@

 CREATE TABLE public.playing_with_neon (
     id integer NOT NULL,
     name text NOT NULL,
-    value real [!code --]
+    value real,
+    description character varying(255)
 );

Comparing a branch to an earlier point in its history

This command compares the schema of dev-alex to a previous state in its history at LSN 0/123456.

neon branches schema-diff dev-alex ^self@0/123456

Comparing a branch to its parent

This command compares the schema of dev/alex to the head of its parent branch.

neon branches schema-diff dev/alex ^parent

Comparing a branch to an earlier point in another branch's history

This command compares the schema of the main branch to the state of the dev/jordan branch at timestamp 2024-06-01T00:00:00.000Z.

neon branches schema-diff main dev/jordan@2024-06-01T00:00:00.000Z

set-default

This subcommand allows you to set a branch as the default branch in your Neon project.

Usage

neon branches set-default <id|name> [options]

<id|name> refers to the Branch ID and branch name. You can specify one or the other.

Options

In addition to the Neon CLI global options, the set-default subcommand supports this option:

OptionDescriptionTypeRequired
--context-fileContext file path and file namestring
--project-idProject IDstringOnly if your Neon account has more than one project

Example

neon branches set-default mybranch
┌────────────────────┬──────────┬─────────┬──────────────────────┬──────────────────────┐
 Id Name Default Created At Updated At
├────────────────────┼──────────┼─────────┼──────────────────────┼──────────────────────┤
 br-odd-frog-703504 mybranch true 2023-07-11T12:22:12Z 2023-07-11T12:22:59Z
└────────────────────┴──────────┴─────────┴──────────────────────┴──────────────────────┘

add-compute

This subcommand allows you to add a compute to an existing branch in your Neon project.

Usage

neon branches add-compute <id|name>

<id|name> refers to the Branch ID and branch name. You can specify one or the other.

Options

In addition to the Neon CLI global options, the add-compute subcommand supports these options:

OptionDescriptionTypeRequired
--context-fileContext file path and file namestring
--project-idProject IDstringOnly if your Neon account has more than one project
--typeType of compute to add. Choices are read_only (the default) or read_write. A read-only compute is a read replica. A branch can have a single primary read-write compute and multiple read replica computes.string
--cuSets the compute size in Compute Units. For a fixed size, enter a single number (e.g., "2"). For autoscaling, enter a range with a dash (e.g., "0.5-3").string

Examples

  • Add a read replica compute (a read replica) to a branch:

    neon branches add-compute mybranch --type read_only
    ┌─────────────────────┬──────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
     Id Host
    ├─────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
     ep-rough-lab-865061 ep-rough-lab-865061.ap-southeast-1.aws.neon.tech
    └─────────────────────┴──────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
  • Set the compute size when adding a compute to a branch:

    neon branches add-compute main --cu 2
  • Set the compute's autoscaling range when adding a compute to a branch:

    neon branches add-compute main --cu 0.5-3

delete

This subcommand allows you to delete a branch in a Neon project.

Usage

neon branches delete <id|name> [options]

<id|name> refers to the Branch ID and branch name. You can specify one or the other.

Options

In addition to the Neon CLI global options, the delete subcommand supports this option:

OptionDescriptionTypeRequired
--context-fileContext file path and file namestring
--project-idProject IDstringOnly if your Neon account has more than one project

Example

neon branches delete br-rough-sky-158193
┌─────────────────────┬─────────────────┬──────────────────────┬──────────────────────┐
 Id Name Created At Updated At
├─────────────────────┼─────────────────┼──────────────────────┼──────────────────────┤
 br-rough-sky-158193 my_child_branch 2023-07-09T20:57:39Z 2023-07-09T21:06:41Z
└─────────────────────┴─────────────────┴──────────────────────┴──────────────────────┘

get

This subcommand allows you to retrieve details about a branch.

Usage

neon branches get <id|name> [options]

Options

In addition to the Neon CLI global options, the get subcommand supports this option:

Options

OptionDescriptionTypeRequired
--context-fileContext file path and file namestring
--project-idProject IDstringOnly if your Neon account has more than one project

Examples

neon branches get main
┌────────────────────────┬──────┬──────────────────────┬──────────────────────┐
 Id Name Created At Updated At
├────────────────────────┼──────┼──────────────────────┼──────────────────────┤
 br-small-meadow-878874 main 2023-07-06T13:15:12Z 2023-07-06T13:32:37Z
└────────────────────────┴──────┴──────────────────────┴──────────────────────┘

A get example with the --output format option set to json:

neon branches get main --output json
{
  "id": "br-lingering-bread-896475",
  "project_id": "noisy-rain-039137",
  "name": "main",
  "current_state": "ready",
  "logical_size": 29769728,
  "creation_source": "console",
  "default": false,
  "cpu_used_sec": 522,
  "compute_time_seconds": 522,
  "active_time_seconds": 2088,
  "written_data_bytes": 174433,
  "data_transfer_bytes": 20715,
  "created_at": "2023-06-28T10:17:28Z",
  "updated_at": "2023-07-11T12:22:59Z"

Need help?

Join our Discord Server to ask questions or see what others are doing with Neon. Users on paid plans can open a support ticket from the console. For more details, see Getting Support.

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